ETHICS OF ABORTION

 “India will now stand amongst nations with a highly progressive law which allows legal abortions on a broad range of therapeutic, humanitarian, and social grounds. It is a milestone which will further empower women, especially those who are vulnerable and victims of rape,” Union Cabinet Minister for Textiles and Women and Child Development Smriti Irani wrote in her blog.

The abortion Period increased from 20 to 24 weeks in the new MTP Bill 2020, and no limit for gestational age in case of fatal abnormalities, with this the cases of abortion will be increased in the future. in a recent study of Lancet (Global health ),  15.6 Million abortions took place in India in 2015, and 

An abortion rate is 47·0 (42·2–52·1) per 1000 women aged 15–49 years.

·      3·4 million abortions (range 2·8 million–3·9 million; 22%) were provided in health facilities.

·      11·5 million induced abortions (range 10·8–12·2 million; 73%) were medication abortions that took place outside of health facilities.

·      12·7 million abortions (81%) were medication abortions obtained either in or outside facilities.



Rights of Child Vs. Rights of Choice:

Above given data conflict with the Rights of Women’s choice to Rights of Unborn child, According to NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) 16 weeks of fetus has life and treated as human being as in medical ethics while in India, new MTP bill 2020 allowed abortion till 24 weeks (currently it is 20 weeks) which is clear violation and acts as a murder in ethics. 

In India, Abortion treated as legal till 24 weeks and after that it will be illegal (if done without court permission), this is like if you murder within 24 weeks is legal and after that it will be illegal, “once a crime, always a crime”. But if we talked about women’s choice or rights of women, in developing nation like India, most of the choice of married women in case of abortion are forced and made by the family and husband So, manipulated choice can’t be justify over a life of child. Strengthening the Rights of choice through different policy and acts will cause a repercussions on women because intervention of family and family’s choice is more than women’s choice.


Theories on Abortion

Liberalism and Abortion: In the eyes of Liberalism, every action which persuades the rights of the individual is wrong, in the article written by Robin west describes abortion as the free choice of the individual. abortion is treated as right to defend and choose.


But in an actual sense, the choice we made is always manipulated and not free in a real sense, because society itself is made on social contract and dependency.


Egalitarian View: Even an unborn child is equal, if life comes to that fetus, and treated with equal rights. So in this view even that fetus has similar rights as compared to mother and that fetus has also right to choose then killing a fetus is also a violation of fetus rights.


References:

NCBI/Fetus as human being/2009/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1059405/

LancetData/2015/https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2214-109X%2817%2930453-9

West, Robin, "Liberalism and Abortion" (1999)


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